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Tsai Ting Kan (Wade-Giles spelling: Ts'ai Ting-kan; ; 字 耀堂 Yao Tang) (April 5, 1861, Xiangshan County – September 24, 1935, Beijing) Tsai was educated in the United States as a student on the Chinese Educational Mission and became an admiral in the Qing Dynasty navy and Republican era statesman and politician. 〔"Ts'ai T'ing-kan," in Howard Boorman, ed., ''Biographical Dictionary of Republican China'', Vol III (New York: Columbia University Press, 1967), pp. 293–295.〕 == Education in the United States and early naval career == In 1873 Tsai was sent to America to study as a member of the Chinese Educational Mission (CEM) and lived with an American family in New Britain, Connecticut. After graduating from high school, where he was known as "Fighting Chinee," he behaved so wildly that it was decided to send him back to China. But when Yung Wing, the CEM leader, interviewed him, he saw that Tsai had learned excellent colloquial American English and instead sent Tsai to learn practical mechanics in a machine shop at Lowell Massachusetts. Since the machinery in the shop was dangerous, Tsai and his CEM fellow student were given permission to cut the long queues which the government of China required all Chinese men to wear, the only time that such an act was officially condoned. 〔Edward J. M. Rhoads. ''Stepping Forth into the World: The Chinese Educational Mission to the United States, 1872-81.'' (Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2011) (pp. 71, 92, 150 )〕 When the CEM students were returned to China in 1881, Tsai entered the navy to study torpedo management and torpedo boats, as well as electrical engineering, mining, and surveying. He was commissioned at the age of 27, and rose to the rank of commander. During the first Battle of the Yellow Sea, in Sino-Japanese War, September 1894, he commanded a torpedo boat in the Dagu Fort defenses. After the initial defeat, Tsai's ship was part of the fleet which took up an offshore position to defend Weihaiwei, on the Shandong peninsula. But in January 1895, the Japanese Army captured a strategic position on the mainland which endangered the Chinese force. The Admiral of the Chinese fleet determined to surrender, but Tsai was among the officers who defied his orders and attempted to break out. Tsai's ship was sunk, and he was wounded and captured. After the war he was released, but in the recriminations over China's humiliating defeat, his rank was taken away. 〔"Ts'ai Ting-kan, " in Boorman, ed., ''Biographical Dictionary'', p. 293-94.〕 In 1901, following China's further defeat in the Boxer Uprising, on the recommendation of Tang Shaoyi, a fellow CEM student, Tsai was taken into the service of Yuan Shikai, the military reformer and political general, who sponsored his rehabilitation and rise. In 1911 he was promoted to Rear Admiral and in the following year, Chief of the Department of Naval Administration in Navy Board 〔 "Tsai Ting Kan, " ''(China Educational Mission Connections )''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tsai Tingkan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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